10月31日、CSSに関する情報を主に取り扱っている海外の技術ブログ「CSS-TRICS」が、「State of CSS 2024 Results」と題した記事を公開した。この記事では、CSS開発者に行ったアンケートベースの調査結果をもとに、CSSの現状や開発者の人口統計、最新のトレンド、人気のフレームワーク、未対応機能についての意見を詳細に紹介している。
以下に、その内容を紹介する。
調査結果の主なポイント
人口統計
State of CSS 2024では性別や地域ごとの賃金格差が示されており、アメリカでは他国に比べて10万ドル以上の年収を得ている開発者が多いことが分かる。この傾向は、特に男性開発者に多く、ジェンダー間の収入格差が根深い問題として取り上げられている。また、年齢層においても30-39歳が全体の42%を占めており、20代が27%、40代が21%と続いている。
さらに、CSS業界での経験年数の分布からは、回答者の約44%が10年未満の経験であることが示されており、この業界が比較的新しい層に支えられている現状が伺える。
利用されているCSS機能
CSS機能に関する使用状況では、filter効果が最も多用されている一方で、hanging-punctuationなどの低使用率機能が高い学習意欲を持たれている点が興味深い。また、@scopeなどの機能も低い使用率であるが、今後のブラウザサポートの増加により利用が期待されている。
フレームワークの利用状況
フレームワークについては、TailwindがBootstrapを超えてCSSフレームワークのトップに立ち、多くの支持を得ている。一方、「CSSフレームワークを使用しない」選択肢も順位に含まれており、従来のフレームワークに依存しない開発者の増加が注目されている。また、プリプロセッサ/ポストプロセッサでは、SassとPostCSSが主要な選択肢となっている一方、LessやStylusなどの利用が減少傾向にある。
欠けているCSS機能
開発者が特に必要としている機能には以下が含まれており、現在提案や草案段階で進展が見られる。
ミックスイン機能
W3CはCSS Values Module Level 5で`if()`条件付きロジックを追加することを決定しており、今後の実装に期待されている。
条件付きロジック
条件付きロジックについても提案されており、特に条件分岐のサポートに期待が集まっている。
マルチカラム（Masonry）レイアウト
マルチカラムレイアウトも、CSS Grid Layout Module Level 3に基づく新しい提案が検討されており、Chromiumエンジンが支持している。
詳細は[State Of CSS 2024 Results]を参照していただきたい。
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